When learning about computers, one of the first and most important things every JHS student should understand is the difference between hardware and software. These two go hand in hand, but they are not the same.
What is hardware?
Hardware refers to the physical parts of a computer, the parts you can see and touch.
Examples of hardware:
- Monitor
- Keyboard
- Mouse
- System unit (CPU, motherboard, etc.)
- Printer
- Scanner
- Speakers
So, if you can touch it and it’s part of your computer setup, it’s hardware.
What is software?
Software is the set of instructions or programs that tell the hardware what to do. You can’t touch software, but it runs inside the computer and helps you get things done.
Examples of software:
- Microsoft Word
- Google Chrome
- Paint
- Zoom
- Windows Operating System
- Games
When you play a game or type a document, you’re using software.
Key differences between hardware and software
- Touch: Hardware can be touched. Software cannot be touched.
- Visibility: Hardware can be seen physically. Software can only be seen on the screen.
- Function: Hardware performs tasks given by software. Software gives instructions to hardware.
- Damage: Hardware can be damaged by physical force (like falling). Software can be damaged by viruses or bugs.
- Examples: Hardware includes monitor, keyboard, mouse. Software includes Microsoft Word, Google Chrome, Windows.
How they work together
Imagine your computer is like a human body:
- Hardware is the body; eyes, hands, brain.
- Software is the mind; it gives instructions.
Without software, the hardware is useless. And without hardware, software has nothing to run on.
Knowing the difference between hardware and software helps you become a smarter ICT student. Whether you’re using a desktop at school or a phone at home, try to spot what parts are hardware and which ones are software!
