What Is the IPSO Model?
The IPSO model explains how a computer system receives information, processes it, stores the result, and finally gives feedback. It’s like cooking: you gather ingredients (input), cook them (process), store leftovers (storage), and serve the meal (output).
Components of the IPSO Model
a. Input
Input is any data or instruction sent to the computer.
Examples:
- Typing with a keyboard
- Clicking with a mouse
- Scanning a document
b. Processing
Processing is when the computer’s CPU interprets and carries out instructions.
Examples:
- Calculating grades
- Formatting a document
- Running a game or app
c. Storage
Storage means saving information for future use. There are two types:
Temporary storage: RAM
Permanent storage: Hard disk, flash drive
Examples:
- Saving a Word document
- Backing up photos on a USB stick
d. Output
Output is the final result displayed or delivered by the computer.
Examples:
- Displaying text on a monitor
- Printing a file
- Playing music through speakers
IPSO in Real Life Scenarios
Example 1: Taking an Online Quiz
Input: Student selects answers
Processing: System checks answers
Storage: Stores student’s scores
Output: Displays result on the screen
Example 2: Using a Calculator App
Input: You type in numbers
Processing: Calculator computes
Output: Result shows on screen
Why IPSO Model Matters in ICT Education
Understanding this model helps students and ICT users know how digital tools work behind the scenes. It’s also essential for Basic Education exams like BECE.
The IPSO model makes it easy to understand how computers function step by step. Whether you’re a student preparing for an ICT exam or a tech lover learning the basics, mastering this concept will boost your confidence and understanding.
Quiz
Section A: Multiple Choice (Choose the correct answer)
1. Which of the following is an example of input?
A. Monitor B. Mouse C. Printer D. Speaker
2. The CPU is responsible for:
A. Displaying output B. Saving files C. Processing data D. Typing documents
3. Which device is used for storage?
A. Keyboard B. Hard drive C. Headphones D. Projector
4. The part of the IPSO model that involves showing results is:
A. Input B. Processing C. Storage D. Output
5. Which of the following best shows all four stages of the IPSO model?
A. Typing, saving, editing, reading B. Typing, calculating, saving, printing C. Printing, clicking, saving, deleting D. Browsing, typing, copying, reading
Section B: Fill in the Blanks
6. The device that is known as the brain of the computer is the __________.
7. __________ is used to save data permanently.
8. A __________ is used to display information to the user.
Section C:
9. Define the IPSO model in your own words.
10. List one real-life activity that follows the IPSO model and explain each stage.
Click the Download button below to download a PDF file of the quiz and answers.
